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Julia Sand – Letter 9

Context The first Chinese Exclusion Act passed Congress, but on April 2, 1882, President Arthur vetoed the bill.   Julia makes…

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Julia Sand – Letter 18

Context Julia references Dr. William Holme Van Buren, a well-respected surgeon. Years prior, he had turned down a nomination from Abraham Lincoln to…

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Julia Sand – Letter 4

Context On October 19, 1881, President Arthur gave a speech at Yorktown for the 100th anniversary of the battle that won American independence.

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Julia Sand – Letter 22

 Context Beyond the New York state elections, the country as a whole saw similar results in the elections of November 7, 1882 –…

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Julia Sand – Letter 3

Context President Arthur had recently come back to visit New York City. This move raised concerns – both regarding if the President was…

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Julia Sand – Letter 6

Context This letter was written a few days after the New York State elections of 1881.   Julia makes reference to…